PICO, sometimes known as PICOTT, is a common approach for formulating clinical questions.
P |
I |
C |
O |
T |
T |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Patient / Population |
Intervention / Indicator |
Compare / Control |
Outcome |
Time |
Type of Study or Question |
Who are the relevant patients? Think about age, sex, geographic location, or specific characteristics that would be important to your question. | What is the management strategy, diagnostic test, or exposure that you are interested in? | Is there a control or alternative management strategy you would like to compare to the intervention or indicator? | What are the patient-relevant consequences of the intervention? | What time periods should be considered? | What study types are most likely to have the information you seek? What clinical domain does your question fall under? |
Also see our full EBP guide for additional details and alternative methods for formulating a question.
Includes tools for appraising, Cross-Sectional, Cohort, Case Control, Diagnostic, Qualitative, RCT, Prevalence, Economic Evaluations, Systematic Reviews, and more.